A microphone is a device that converts sound energy into electricity.
This, so that we can send sounds, voice and music to other places and also to be able to save them to listen to them at another time.
Initially when there is sound, there are sound waves which are vibrations in the medium (gas, liquid or solid).
Inside the microphone there is a membrane which is usually made of very thin plastic. This membrane vibrates when sound waves ‘hit’ it.
Attached to the membrane is a coil which pulses at the same rate. Inside the coil there is a magnet and thus a magnetic field is created with the consequence that an electric current is created.
This electrical current is directed to an amplifier or recording device.
[Source: http://www.explainthatstuff.com]
