He was an Austrian-American biologist, physician and immunologist.

He had distinguished the main blood groups in 1900 having developed the system of classification of blood groups from his identification of the presence of agglutinins in the blood.

He was born in 1868.

Between 1891 and 1893 he studied medicine at the University of Vienna and chemistry in Wurzburg and Zurich.

In 1909 with Constantin Levaditi and Erwin Popper he discovered the polio virus.

When he was 55 he immigrated to New York to work for Rockefeller Institute. 

In 1926 he received the Aronson Prize.

In 1930 he received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.

In 1937 with Alexander Wiener he identified the Rhesus factor, which enables physicians to transfuse blood without endangering the patient’s life.

In 1946 he was posthumously awarded the Lasker Award and considered as the father of transfusion medicine.

He passed away in 1943.

[Source: en.wikipedia.org]